What distinguishes governing boards from advisory boards?

Governing boards are fundamentally characterized by their legal authority to manage and make decisions for an organization. They are responsible for overseeing the organization's operations, ensuring compliance with laws and regulations, and providing strategic direction. This authority is conferred upon them through legal frameworks, charters, or bylaws that define their roles and responsibilities.

In contrast, advisory boards do not have the same legal standing; they serve primarily to offer guidance, expertise, and recommendations but lack the power to make binding decisions or take direct management actions. Their function is consultative, meant to support the organization while leaving ultimate authority and accountability to the governing board. This distinction is essential for understanding the different roles that these boards play within an organization, particularly in terms of authority and responsibility.