Which of the following is essential for an op-ed essay to be effective?

An effective op-ed essay often relies on the ability to engage readers emotionally and intellectually. A vivid example of the effects of the problem serves to illustrate the real-world implications of the issue at hand. By providing a concrete and relatable scenario, the author can make the abstract concepts more tangible, helping readers to understand the urgency and significance of the problem. This kind of example not only draws in the reader but also fosters empathy and a deeper connection to the topic, enhancing the persuasive power of the argument.

While a comprehensive history of the issue can provide context, it may not be as impactful in capturing the reader's attention or driving home the importance of the argument as a vivid example would. Similarly, a personal anecdote can add a layer of authenticity and relatability but might not be as impactful without a clear connection to the broader implications of the problem. A list of references, on the other hand, can support an argument's credibility but may not engage readers in the same way that a compelling example does, which is crucial for the visceral nature of op-eds that seek to persuade and provoke thought.